Retinal hemorrhages stem from several sources, affecting blood vessels within the eye. High blood pressure (hypertension) frequently causes these bleeds, weakening vessel walls over time. This increased pressure ruptures delicate capillaries, leading to bleeding. Regular blood pressure monitoring and management are vital for prevention.
Diabetes-Related Issues
Diabetes significantly increases the risk. High blood sugar damages blood vessels, rendering them fragile and prone to leakage or rupture. Careful blood sugar control is paramount in minimizing this risk. Regular eye exams are recommended for diabetic patients to detect early signs.
Other Contributing Factors
Trauma, such as a blow to the head or eye injury, is another common cause. Forceful impacts can directly damage blood vessels. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) weakens blood vessels in the macula, a vital part of the retina, increasing hemorrhage risk. Blood clotting disorders also increase vulnerability, as insufficient clotting can prolong bleeding. Finally, Severe coughing or straining can sometimes elevate pressure enough to cause minor hemorrhages.
Rare Causes
Less frequent causes include severe anemia, leukemia, and certain blood vessel diseases. These conditions generally lead to more extensive bleeding.
